Domestic Violence

Verified 28 January 2025 - Directorate for Legal and Administrative Information (Prime Minister)

You are the victim of physical, psychological, sexual or economic violence within your couple ? This is spousal abuse. Such violence is punishable by law. Public associations and organizations can help you. You can also go to court to obtain protection and/or conviction from the violent person with whom you live in a relationship. We guide you in the steps to accomplish.

Please note

  • Emergency dial-in numbers : 17, 112 or by SMS at 114 (free contact)
  • Women's helpline, information and orientation: 3919 (toll-free).

Domestic violence is violence committed within the family couple or by a former spouse, partner of Civil partnershipsCivil partnerships : Civil Solidarity Pact or common-law partner.

They may be physical, sexual, psychological or economic.

Physical violence

The physical violence is characterized by the use of violent gestures to injure you.

Several acts can be considered physical violence:

  • Being slapped
  • Being punched, strapped with a belt, or otherwise
  • Be pulled by the hair or be pushed.

Sexual violence

Sexual violence can take many forms, including the following:

Psychological violence

The psychological violence is a behavior or set of acts that are intended to demean or disparage you.

Several acts can be considered psychological violence:

  • Speaking in private or in public that is demeaning or derogatory
  • Insult other member of the couple
  • Threaten one's spouse, partner, or civil partnership partner.

Economic violence

The economic violence is conduct intended to to deprive you of financial autonomy, and to place yourself under the control of the person with whom you live as a couple.

Examples of economic violence include:

  • Full control of the resources of the couple and their use
  • Deprivation of resources of the other member of the couple
  • Endangering your wealth (signing a mortgage, taking out consumer credits).

1. Contact emergency services

Contact the police or gendarmerie

You can contact Emergency Police by dialing the 17.

If you are deaf, deaf-blind, hard of hearing, aphasic or unable to speak out loud, please contact 114.

114 agents will put you in touch with the police or gendarmerie emergency services.

Who shall I contact
Contact the Samu or the fire brigade

If you need urgent medical care, you can also contact:

  • The Samu by dialing the 15
  • Firefighters by dialing the 18.

FYI  

If you are deaf, deaf-blind, hard of hearing, aphasic or can't speak aloud, the Samu and firefighters can be reached through 114.

Who shall I contact

You can also go to a hospital, doctor or midwife (if you are a woman).

Who shall I contact

FYI  

Health professionals are subject to medical confidentiality.

2. Record injuries

Injuries caused by the person with whom you are married, in the past, or in a common-law relationship should be noted by a doctor.

If you have the opportunity, you can have your injuries recorded by a forensic unit (UMJ).

The UMJ is a multidisciplinary service made up of doctors, forensic doctors, nurses, psychologists, psychiatrists, nursing assistants, medico-administrative officers, lawyers and representatives of victims' associations.

The UMJ is in a hospital.

To find the unit near where you are located:

Who shall I contact

3. Contact an association or victim support organization

Associations and public bodies specialize in the fight against violence, especially within couples.

You can find information on the structures that can help you on the Stop Violence website:

Who shall I contact

You can also contact directly one of the following:

  • 3919, specialized service on violence against women
Who shall I contact
  • France Victimes Network Associations, at the 116,006
Who shall I contact
  • Women's Rights Information Center

If you are a victim of domestic violence, you can apply for a protection order in the family judge.

If this order is granted to you and you are facing a serious and imminent dangerHowever, you can agree to an interim order for immediate protection.

These arrangements have been put in place to enable near-immediate protection victims of domestic violence.

They can be implemented before, after or at the same time as a complaint.

FYI  

To help you in your efforts, you can call on victims' associations.

You can also contact a lawyer which will accompany you throughout the procedure(s) you will carry out.

1. Apply for a protection order

L'protection order is a decision that provides urgent protection to victims of domestic violence, even if they have not (yet) filed a complaint.

It is returned by the family judge.

This order may lay down obligations and prohibitions with regard to the violent person (e.g. prohibition of contact with the victim, prohibition of coming to the victim's home or work, etc.)

The protection order also provides for a ruling on:

  • The accommodation of the couple (allocation of the accommodation to the victim, concealment of the victim's address if he is rehoused, etc.)
  • Parental authority
  • The author's health and psychological care presumed domestic violence
  • The financial obligations to which the alleged perpetrator may be subject.

You can do that even if you had never lived together with the perpetrator.

Filing of the application

You can apply for a protection order by explaining the reasons for your application in request :

Application to the Family Court Judge: Issuance of a protection order

You must attach to the application all the evidence of the violence suffered: medical certificates, report of theUMJUMJ : Medical-Judicial Union, photo of injuries, testimonies, text messages, etc.

Your application must be forwarded to the Family Court Judge:

  • From your home, in case of a common residence or when you have children together
  • Orif not, the home of the alleged perpetrator of the domestic violence.
Who shall I contact

In the context of an application for a protection order, the assistance of a lawyer is not mandatory but remains advisable.

Who shall I contact

FYI  

If you have low incomes, you can ask legal aid to pay for the lawyer's fees.

Query Processing

As soon as he receives the application, the Family Court Judge issues an order setting the date for the hearing at which he will consider your application.

The transplant of JafJaf : Family Court Judge immediately notify the public prosecutor and you notify this order.

If you have a lawyer, he's the one who has to take care of signify this order to the person with whom you are married, past or in a common-law relationship. It shall have a period of 2 days from the date of the hearing.

If you don't have a lawyer, the JafJaf : Family Court Judge or the public prosecutor will take care of the meaning.

The hearing must take place within 6 days of its date of fixation. For example, if the judge issues a fixation order on June 17, 2025, the hearing will take place before June 24, 2025.

At that hearing, the JafJaf : Family Court Judge analyzes your situation and that of the person with whom you are married, past or in a common-law relationship.

Then, he decides on your application for a protection order. They can accept or reject your request.

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Acceptance of the application

If the decision is favorable, the author presumed violence has an obligation to comply with the obligations and prohibitions contained in the protection order. The couple's children can also benefit from protection

These measures shall be applicable for a period of 12 months from the time the protection order was made notified.

They may be prolonged if application for divorce, legal separation or relating to the exercise of parental authority has been filed with the family judge.

Please note

The protection order may be applicable in any the European Union if the victim of domestic violence requests it.

In case of violation of the protection order, you must inform the police who notifies the public prosecutor.

This violation is punishable by 3 years imprisonment and a fine of €45,000 of fine.

Rejection of the application

If your requestHowever, the judge may set another hearing to rule on the other applications you have made in the context of the family dispute.

2. Obtain an interim order for immediate protection (in an emergency)

When you apply for a protection order, you can also agree that the public prosecutor's office requests an interim order for immediate protection from the family affairs judge.

The Family Court Judge must make his decision in a 24-hour period from the time it was seized.

The interim order for immediate protection shall be issued provided that:

  • The violence is plausible
  • There is a serious and immediate danger violence against you or your children.

Under this order, the Family Court judge may take several measures against the author presumed of violence:

  • Prohibition of contact with you and, possibly, your children
  • Prohibition on appearing in certain places (marital home, work of the victim, etc.)
  • Prohibition on holding or wearing a weapon
  • Obligation to surrender to the police or gendarmerie service closest to the place of his domicile the weapons he possesses
  • Suspending the right of access and accommodation of the perpetrator
  • Concealment of your mailing address (if you are staying in a place other than the marital home).

The Interim Order for Immediate Protection shall be valid from the date of notification to the person with whom you are married, past or in a common-law relationship (or the person you were with couple).

It applies until the protection order you previously requested is granted.

So that the author presumed domestic violence is prosecuted and convicted by criminal courts, you must lodge a complaint.

When filing a complaint, bring all the evidence to justify that you are a victim of domestic violence (medical certificate, report of theUMJUMJ : Medical-Judicial Union, photos, handrail, etc.).

To help you in your efforts, you can call on a victims' aid association and/or a lawyer.

If you do not have sufficient financial resources, you can ask legal aid.

FYI  

The filing of a complaint may take place before, after, or at the same time an application for a protection order.

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General case

You can file a complaint by going to the gendarmerie or the police station.

You can also complain to the public prosecutor by post.

On the spot

You can go to a police station or a gendarmerie brigade of your choice.

Who shall I contact

The police or gendarmerie refer the complaint to the public prosecutor.

If the police or gendarmerie refuse to take your domestic violence complaint, you can alert the competent control authorities.

Submit online to the Inspectorate General of the National Police

Contact the Inspectorate General of the National Gendarmerie online

By mail

You can file a complaint with the public prosecutor.

To do this, you must send an email to the court of law of the place of the offense or of the domicile of the offender.

Who shall I contact

Your mail should include the following:

  • Your marital status and full contact information (address and telephone number)
  • Detailed account of the facts, date and place of the offense
  • Name of the alleged perpetrator if known (otherwise, the complaint will be filed against X)
  • Name and address of any witnesses to the offense
  • Description and provisional or definitive estimate of the damage
  • Your proof documents: medical certificates, work stoppages, photographs, videos, miscellaneous invoices, findings, etc.

You can use the following mail template:

File a complaint with the public prosecutor

You can send your complaint by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt, by simple letter or by letter followed.

You can also file your complaint directly at the courthouse.

In any case, a receipt is given to you as soon as the Public Prosecutor's Office has registered your complaint.

Île-de-France

You can file a complaint on the spot or by mail.

On the spot

You can go to a police station or a gendarmerie brigade, and to certain care facilities and municipal reception places.

Police or gendarmerie

You can go to a police station or a gendarmerie brigade of your choice.

Who shall I contact

The police or gendarmerie will forward the complaint to the public prosecutor.

If the police or gendarmerie refuse to take your domestic violence complaint, you can alert the competent control authorities.

Submit online to the Inspectorate General of the National Police

Contact the Inspectorate General of the National Gendarmerie online

Care Facilities and Municipal Hospitality Sites

Since October 4, 2023However, you can file a domestic violence complaint in the emergency departments of public hospitals, public maternity wards and in some municipal reception centers.

The services concerned are located in Paris and in the departments of Hauts-de-Seine, Seine-Saint-Denis and Val-de-Marne.

The hospitals, maternity wards and municipal reception centers in question are integrated into schemes for victims of domestic violence.

You can consult the interactive map of these reception areas:

By mail

You can file a complaint with the public prosecutor.

To do this, you must send an email to the court of law of the place of the offense or of the domicile of the offender.

Who shall I contact

Your mail should include the following:

  • Your marital status and full contact information (address and telephone number)
  • Detailed account of the facts, date and place of the offense
  • Name of the alleged perpetrator if known (otherwise, the complaint will be filed against X)
  • Name and address of any witnesses to the offense
  • Description and provisional or definitive estimate of the damage
  • Your proof documents: medical certificates, work stoppages, photographs, videos, miscellaneous invoices, findings, etc.

You can use the following mail template:

File a complaint with the public prosecutor

You can send your complaint by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt, by simple letter or by letter followed.

You can also file your complaint directly at the courthouse.

In any case, a receipt is given to you as soon as the Public Prosecutor's Office has registered your complaint.

Your complaint leads to a police investigation that can lead to indictment of the alleged perpetrator.

Indictment As part of a judge of freedoms and detention or by the investigating judge can place it under judicial review.

Thus, the author presumed violence will be subject to several obligations and prohibitions (prohibition to come into contact, in any way, prohibition to reside in the marital home, obligation to justify that he pays the maintenance payments that it must and does contribute to marriage expenses, etc.).

At the end of the investigation (and the training), the alleged perpetrator may be tried and convicted by the criminal courts.

If the obligations and prohibitions set out in the protection order and in the course of judicial review are not sufficient, judges may add other mechanisms to allow for actual removal members of the couple:

  • The bracelet for misalignment may be decided by the family judge or by the criminal courts
  • In the most serious cases, on public prosecutor may decide to equip you with a serious danger telephone.

Bracelet for preventing misalignment

The bracelet is an electronic device that is used to geolocate perpetrator and victim (presumed or not) domestic violence.

This mechanism may be introduced where there is a real risk of geographical rapprochement between the members of the couple, despite a prohibition imposed by the judge.

By this system, the judge delimits protection zones that separate the 2 parts :

  • A pre-alert area, 2 to 20 kilometers around the protected person. If this zone is crossed by the wearer of the bracelet, he is then contacted by technical operators whom they ask him to change direction.
  • An alert area, 1 to 10 kilometers around the protected person. If the wearer of the bracelet crosses this perimeter, the law enforcement authorities are informed. They ensure the safety of the protected person and can call the wearer of the bracelet.

The scheme may be implemented in the context of a protection order or criminal proceedings.

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Protection Order

The decision to install an anti-rapprochement bracelet can be made by the family court judge who has already pronounced one protection order.

The judge will make the decision based on the situation. The two parties must agree.

If the author presumed of violence refuses, the judge may refer the parquet floor so that the measure may be taken in the context of criminal proceedings.

Criminal proceedings

The decision to install an anti-rapprochement bracelet can be taken before or after judgment the person prosecuted for domestic violence.

Before the judgment, the action may be taken by the investigative judge or by the judge of liberty and detention, as part of a judicial review.

After At the judgment, the criminal court can put an anti-approach bracelet in place as part of a sentence adjustment. This measure can only be taken if the person suspected of domestic violence has been convicted and sentenced for the crime.

Serious danger telephone

In the most serious cases of domestic violence, on public prosecutor may decide to equip you with a serious danger telephone.

It's a location-based phone that allows you, in case of serious danger, to alert law enforcement through an easily accessible technical platform.

The phone can only be given to you if you don't live together anymore with your abusive spouse, partner or partner and if:

  • He or she is prohibited from contacting you because of a court order (e.g. protection order, conviction order, etc.)
  • Or there is a real threat of aggression in the near future because the perpetrator (presumed) violence is at large or a ban on contact has not yet been imposed by the criminal courts.

If you consentHowever, the public prosecutor may provide you with this telephone at any time during the proceedings.

The telephone is given for a 6-month renewable term.

Who shall I contact

FYI  

The grave danger phone can also be assigned to you if you have experienced violence from your ex-partner, ex-partner or former civil partnership partner.

Protection of the child in the context of a protection order

As part of a protection order, you can also obtain measures to protect your common children.

The family court judge may rule on parental authority.

It may also provide for the habitual residence of children common to the home of the parent victim, while fixing a right of access and accommodation for the abusive parent.

If the judge orders a ban on contact with the children, the right of access and accommodation will take place in a media center.

Withdrawal of parental authority in the event of a crime or misdemeanor against one of the parents

Since March 18, 2024, if your spouse, cohabiting partner or Civil partnershipsCivil partnerships : Civil Solidarity Pact is prosecuted for committing a crime against you, he no longer has the exercise ofparental authority, or of his right of access and accommodation.

As a result, he can no longer make any decisions about the lives of the children and is forbidden to see them.

The exercise of parental authority and the right of access and accommodation shall be suspended until the decision of the family judges, until non-suit given by the examining magistrate or until the decision of a criminal court.

If your spouse, cohabiting partner or Civil partnershipsCivil partnerships : Civil Solidarity Pact is doomed for this crime, the criminal jurisdiction duty order the total withdrawal parental authority over your common child.

If it does not, it must at least order a partial withdrawal or the withdrawal from the financial year parental authority.

If your spouse, cohabiting partner or Civil partnershipsCivil partnerships : Civil Solidarity Pact is convicted of committing an offense offense (e.g. physical or psychological violence) against you, the correctional court can order:

  • The total or partial withdrawal of parental authority
  • Or the withdrawal of the exercise parental authority.

Being subjected to domestic violence may justify leaving the family home.

If you have to leave your home in a hurry, you can get a emergency accommodation.

If you have obtained a protection order, you can apply for a social housing.

FYI  

If you are a victim of violence by your spouse, you can break the lease that binds you and leave the accommodation after a period of one month's notice.

Emergency accommodation

For emergency accommodation, you can contact the Samu social.

Who shall I contact

Social Samu will direct you to:

  • Emergency accommodation and safe-keeping places or single-sex safe-insertion places depending on your situation (e.g. you have children) and in particular if you do not have sufficient financial resources
  • Or to Temporary Housing Assistance (ALT) places, if you are accompanied by children and/or if you have sufficient financial resources or autonomy.

FYI  

This is a temporary solution (example: a few nights), time to organize yourself to relocate.

Social housing

You can benefit from the support of specialized associations to find social housing.

These associations can sublet you furnished or unfurnished accommodation that they rent from HLM organizations.

Depending on your situation, you can have facilities for the payment of the deposit and the first months of rent.

You can also request the early release of your salary savings.

You can benefit from emergency universal assistance if you meet certain conditions.

Depending on your situation, this aid can be paid by the Family Allowance Fund (CAF) or the Agricultural Social Mutual Society (MSA).

Eligibility for emergency universal assistance

You can ask for theuniversal emergency aid when you are a victim of violence committed by the person with whom you are couple or on behalf of your former spouse, cohabiting partner or Civil partnershipsCivil partnerships : Civil Solidarity Pact.

To apply for this assistance, you must be resident in France and:

  • Be of French nationality, European Union national, of the European Economic Area or of Swiss nationality
  • Or have a French residence permit (if you are a foreign national).

Universal Emergency Assistance can take the form of a interest-free loan or a non-repayable aid, according to your income and number of dependent children.

Please note

Universal Emergency Assistance can be paid even if you have no dependent child.

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Interest-free loan

You can get an interest-free loan if your monthly income exceeds the following amounts:

  • €2,139.46 for a single person
  • €3,209.19 for a person with a dependent child
  • €3,851.03 for one person with 2 dependent children
  • €4,706.82 for a person with 3 or more dependent children.

Warning  

If you benefit from this device, you will be obliged to repay the amounts paid to you.

Non-repayable assistance

You can get a non-refundable assistance if your monthly income does not exceed the following amounts:

  • €2,139.46 for a single person
  • €3,209.19 for a person with a dependent child
  • €3,851.03 for one person with 2 dependent children
  • €4,706.82 for a person with 3 or more dependent children.

Request for emergency universal assistance (interest-free or non-repayable)

Filing of the application

What to do to apply of emergency universal assistance are the same whether you are eligible for the interest-free loan or to the non-repayable assistance.

Your request can be made online or on site.

FYI  

If you are not an allocator of any of these 2 boxes, you must contact the Caf or the MSAMSA : Agricultural social mutual society competent for your home.

Online

To apply, you need to have a document to certify that you are a victim of domestic violence. These may be:

  • Reporting addressed to public prosecutor
  • Filing of complaint
  • Protection order issued by the family affairs judge.

You must also provide all documents justifying your resources (proof of CafCaf : Family Allowance Fund , latest tax notice, latest salary slips, attestation France Travail, etc.).

Your request may be made to the Ministry of Solidarity, the CAFE or the MSAMSA : Agricultural social mutual society :

Request for emergency assistance for victims of intimate partner violence

Request for emergency assistance for victims of domestic violence - Caf

Request for emergency assistance for victims of domestic violence - MSA

On the spot

At the time you file a complaint or when you make a signaling the public prosecutor, the police or the Parquet Floor may offer to send a universal emergency assistance request to your organization that is liable for family benefits by means of a simplified form.

If you agree, the request is forwarded to that organization.

On receipt of the application, the body responsible for paying the family benefits must forward it to the President of the Departmental Council with your agreement.

If the request for assistance has not been transmitted on your behalf by the police or the prosecution services, you can make the request yourself.

Processing and outcome of the application

The body responsible for examining the application must take a decision to grant the aid or to reject the application within 3 working days from receipt of the request.

This period shall be extended to 5 working days if you are not a beneficiary of this organization.

This decision will be sent to you by any means that will allow you to establish a certain date of receipt (e.g. registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt).

It has to be argued.

It must also contain the possible means of redress, the time limits within which they may be exercised and the court competent to examine them.

Amount of emergency universal assistance (interest-free or non-repayable)

Whatever form it takes (interest-free loan or non-repayable assistance), the basic amount of emergency universal assistance is €635.71.

This amount is increased according to number of dependent children.

It is reduced according to the share of your income above SmicSmic : Minimum cross-industry growth wage.

The following table shows the amount of aid according to these 2 criteria.

Tableau - Amount of emergency universal assistance based on monthly income and dependent children

Income

Single parent

Parent + 1 child

Parent + 2 children

Parent + 3 children

Less than €713.15

€607.75

€911.63

€1,093.96

€1,337.06

Between €713.15 and €1,426.30

€486.20

€729.30

€875.17

€1,069.65

Between €1,426.30 and €2,139.46

€364.65

€546.98

€656.38

€802.24

Greater than

€2,139.46

€243.10

€364.65

€437.58

€534.82

Repayment of emergency aid in the form of an interest-free loan

If you have received the emergency universal assistance in the form of a loan, you must start paying it back as of the 24the month following its assignment.

For example, if you start collecting the loans in June 2025, repayment must start 24 months after the loan is made, in June 2026.

Reimbursement must be made up to 24 monthly installments of the same amount.

You can make a prepayment or a refund at once.

Reimbursement may also be made by deduction from other benefits payable by the CafCaf : Family Allowance Fund or the MSAMSA : Agricultural social mutual society (example: personalized housing assistance, activity bonus, etc.).

If your financial situation does not allow you to repay the loan, you can to request a total or partial remission of debt with the organization that gave you the assistance.

FYI  

You do not have to repay the loan if you have filed a complaint against the alleged perpetrator and the proceedings are ongoing, or if it has been ordered by the court to repay the loan.

When the marriage ends, the couple's property is divided according to the rules set out in your matrimonial regime (we are talking about the liquidation of the matrimonial property regime).

Marriage shall end in the event of:

Since May 31, 2024, in some cases, the conviction of the abusive spouse results in automatically the loss of rights relating to the matrimonial property regime. It is then said that he is fallen rights arising from the marriage contract.

In other cases, this disqualification can be ordered by the court of justice. This court order shall be distinct from the sentencing judgment.

FYI  

These rules apply to all marriage contracts, including those concluded front May 31, 2024.

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Automatic Disclaimer

The convicted spouse (as author or accomplice(b) for willfully killing or attempting to kill his spouse, or for willfully causing violence that resulted in the death of his spouse without intent to kill his spouse, automatically loses benefits given to it by the marriage contract.

Revocation by the court

The spouse may lose the benefits of his or her matrimonial property regime if he or she has been convicted of:

  • Willfully refraining from preventing crime or a offense against the physical integrity of his spouse who has died as a result.

This disqualification may be ordered by the court if you or one of your heirs so requests. The public prosecutor's office may also refer the case to the court of justice.

Who shall I contact

The request must be made within 6 months of:

  • Divorce
  • Of death, if the abusive spouse has been convicted previously
  • The sentencing judgment if the death occurred subsequently.

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