What is the rent control to respect in tense areas?

Verified 01 April 2025 - Directorate for Legal and Administrative Information (Prime Minister)

Rent control is a device that limits the increase in rent when renting a dwelling with a dwelling lease (including mobility lease). It applies in the municipalities located in stretched area. We present the regulations to you.

You can check if your municipality is in a tense area using this simulator :

Whether a dwelling is located in a tense area (notice from the tenant and rent control)

It exists 2 rent control arrangements :

The rules that apply in most townships in stretched areas
Specific rules (including the rent supplement, the reference rents (reduced and increased) which apply to Paris, Bordeaux, Is Together, Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme, Lyon and Villeurbanne, Montpellier, Common Plain, and Basque Country since november 25, 2024. If the owner (or his representative) does not comply with these rules, he may be fined up to €5,000 (or €15,000 if it is a legal person).

FYI

Not all dwellings are covered by the rent guidelines. The dwellings subject to the 1948 law or Anah-approved accommodation, the social housing (HLM), the furnished tourist goods and subleases are subject to other rules.

When the dwelling is rented for 1^re time, the landlord freely sets the rent.

The owner can review rent once a year, if a clause in the lease so provides.

Warning

In the metropolis, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since august 24, 2022, and it concerns a dwelling classified as F or G (classification indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to revise its rent.
In Guadeloupe, Guyana, Martinique, Reunion and Mayotte, when the lease is signed, renewed or tacitly renewed since 1^er july 2024, and it concerns a dwelling classified as F or G (classification indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to revise its rent.

Where the rent is understated in relation to the market price, the landlord may increase the amount of rent at the renewal of the lease, under certain conditions. It must do so in accordance with certain rules.

Warning

A mobility lease cannot be renewed.

The amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be shown in the lease.

The landlord can only increase the rent in certain cases.

The date of signature of the lease is decisive:

Lease signed since July 1, 2024

Unrevised rent in last 12 months

If no revision has been made in the last 12 months, the landlord may increase the rent of the annual variation by the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease.

Warning

Where the lease concerns a dwelling classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to review the rent.

Work carried out since the departure of the former tenant

Work for an amount of at least 50% of the last year of rent

The new rent may be increased when the landlord has financed improvement work (excluding energy-saving works which have given rise to an increase in rent for reduction of charges) or work which has been standards of decency

This work must:

Have been realized since the departure of the last tenant, in the common or private areas
And be at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent (excluding charges)

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged with the previous tenant may be increased by 15% of the amount of the work TTC.

Warning

Where the lease concerns a dwelling classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to increase the rent.

Works for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent

The new rent is set freely when the following 2 conditions are met:

Of improvement work have been done for less than 6 months
The amount of this work is at least equal to the last year of rent

Warning

Where the lease concerns a dwelling classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to increase the rent.

Old undervalued rent

Where the rent charged to the former tenant is clearly undervalued, the landlord may increase the rent.

FYI

It is possible to estimate the undervaluation of a rent from rents usually recorded for comparable dwellings located in the same geographical area.

But the increase in the rent must not exceed 50% the difference between the following 2 amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if it has not been done in the last 12 months.

Warning

Where the dwelling is classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden increase the obviously undervalued rent.

Lease signed between August 24, 2022 and June 30, 2024

Unrevised rent in last 12 months

If no revision has been made in the last 12 months, the landlord may increase the rent of the annual variation by the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease.

Warning

In the metropolis, where the lease concerns a dwelling classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to review the rent.

Work carried out since the departure of the former tenant

Work for an amount of at least 50% of the last year of rent

This work must:

Have been realized since the departure of the last tenant, in the common or private areas
And be at least equal to 50% the last year of rent (excluding charges).

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged with the previous tenant may be increased by 15% of the amount of the work TTC.

Warning

In the metropolis, where the lease concerns a dwelling classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to review the rent.

Works for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent

The new rent is set freely when the following 2 conditions are met:

Of improvement work have been done for less than 6 months
The amount of this work is at least equal to the last year of rent.

Warning

In the metropolis, where the lease concerns a dwelling classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to review the rent.

Old undervalued rent

Where the rent charged to the former tenant is clearly undervalued, the landlord may increase the rent.

FYI

It is possible to estimate the undervaluation of a rent from rents usually recorded for comparable dwellings located in the same geographical area.

But the increase in the rent must not exceed 50% the difference between the following 2 amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if it has not been done in the last 12 months.

Warning

In the metropolis, where the lease concerns a dwelling classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE), it is forbidden to review the rent.

Lease signed before August 24, 2022

Unrevised rent in last 12 months

If no revision has been made in the last 12 months, the landlord may increase the rent of the annual variation by the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease.

Work carried out since the departure of the former tenant

Work for an amount of at least 50% of the last year of rent

The new rent can be increased when the following 2 conditions are met:

The owner has financed improvement work (excluding energy-saving works which have given rise to an increase in rent for reduction of charges) or work which has been standards of decency
When the dwelling is located in metropolitan France, its primary energy consumption is less than 331 kWh per m² and per year. An energy performance diagnosis less than 4 years old must attest to this.

This work must:

have been built since the departure of the last tenant, in the common or private areas
be at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent (excluding charges)

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged with the previous tenant may be increased by 15% of the amount of the work TTC.

Works for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent

The new rent is set freely when the following 3 conditions are met:

Of improvement work have been done for less than 6 months
The amount of this work is at least equal to the last year of rent
When the dwelling is located in metropolitan France, its primary energy consumption is less than 331 kWh per m² and per year. An energy performance diagnosis less than 4 years old must attest to this.

Old undervalued rent

It is possible to increase the rent applied to the former tenant when the following 2 conditions are met:

That rent is undervalued. It is possible to estimate the undervaluation of a rent from rents usually recorded for comparable dwellings located in the same geographical area.
When the dwelling is located in metropolitan France, its primary energy consumption is less than 331 kWh per m² and per year. An energy performance diagnosis less than 4 years old must attest to this.

When these two conditions are met, the rent can be increased. But the increase in the rent must not exceed 50% the difference between the following 2 sums:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if not done in the last 12 months

The tenant can challenge the rent increase by sending the landlord (or the real estate agency) a registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt.

If the dispute persists, the tenant must file a complaint with the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which the accommodation depends (this is free). If the CDC's intervention fails, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

The rule to apply depends on the date the lease was signed:

Lease signed since July 1, 2024

The landlord freely determines the amount of rent of a dwelling classified A, B, C, D or E (class indicated on the DPE).

But the rent of a housing classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE) should not not be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

Lease signed between August 24, 2022 and June 30, 2024

In metropolitan France, the owner freely sets the rent of a dwelling classified A, B, C, D or E (class indicated on the DPE). But the rent of a housing classified F or G (class indicated on the DPE) must not exceed the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

In Guadeloupe, French Guiana, Martinique, Reunion and Mayotte, the landlord freely sets the rent, regardless of the class of the accommodation.

Lease signed before August 24, 2022

The landlord freely sets the rent.

In Paris, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since july 2019 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents. These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the housing.

FYI

You can check whether your rent meets the rent guidelines using this simulator :

Paris: test my rent (lease signed since July 2019)

Warning

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement)
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and corresponding to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may request a rent reduction in front of Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

For a lease signed since August 18, 2022, the rent supplement is prohibited if the dwelling has at least 1 of these characteristics following: sanitary facilities on the landing, signs of humidity on some walls, DPE Class F or G, windows that allow air to pass abnormally (without ventilation grate), facing less than 10 m, infiltration or flooding from the outside, water drainage problems in the last 3 months, degraded electrical installation, poor exposure of the main room.

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

To challenge the rent supplement, the tenant must enter the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) in a three months from the date of signature from the lease. It is up to the landlord (or the real estate agency) to prove that the rent supplement is justified.

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

But if the disagreement persists, the tenant has 3 months from receipt of the notice from the CDC to bring the matter before the protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends. He can ask him to cancel or reduce the rent supplement. The amount of rent fixed by the judge shall apply from the date of entry into force of the lease.

Warning

One mobility lease cannot be renewed.

In the lead-up to the lease renewal:

When the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is inferior to reduced reference rent, on proprietor (or the real estate agency) may engage a rent revaluation share
When the base rent is superior to reference rent plus, on tenant may engage a rent-reduction action.

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant?

The landlord (or real estate agency) must inform the tenant of the new rent, at least 6 months before the end of the lease.

The landlord (or real estate agency) must send a notification :

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by an act of Commissioner of Justice (formerly act of bailiff)
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
The new proposed rent amount and the reduced base rent that was used to determine it.

FYI

When the owner (or real estate agency) engages a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner (or real estate agency) with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
Or in any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area.

These rental references are available on the website of the rent observatory in the greater paris area.

In case of disagreement, or in the absence of a response from the tenant or owner (or real estate agency), to the request for rent reassessment, one or the other must seize, 4 months before end of lease, the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC).

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

If the judge is not seized of the matter before the end of the lease, the lease is renewed under the previous terms of the rent. However, if the previous rent has not been revised within the previous 12 months, the landlord (or real estate agency) may revise to set the new rent.

How do I apply the new rent?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

If the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) registered in the east lease superior the reference rent plus, the tenant may propose to the landlord (or to the real estate agency) the reduction of the base rent.

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rental amount proposed and rent reference plus increase in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal

If the landlord (or real estate agency) refuses, or if he does not respond to the tenant, the tenant must seize the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) at the latest 4 months before lease term.

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

If the tenant does not bring the matter before the court within this period, the lease is renewed under the previous conditions of the rent. If the previous rent has not been revised in the previous 12 months, the landlord (or real estate agency) can revise.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling placed on the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in some cases only:

The rent wasn't revised in the previous 12 months
Work improvement or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant
The rent is undervalued.

But the new base rent must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rent plus the simulator :

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

The amount of the new rent must not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the reference rent plus this simulator:

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

If the new rent exceeds reference rent plus in effect on the date of signature of the lease, the tenant can contest it by sending the owner (or the real estate agency) a registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt.

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

The amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be entered in the lease.

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

Conditions

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant, if the landlord (or the real estate agency) has financed work.

This work may be

Of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
Or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must

Have been realized (in the common or private areas) since the departure of the last tenant
And be at least equal to 50% the last year of rent (excluding charges).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased:

Of an amount equal to 15% of the amount of the work, including VAT
Within reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the reference rent plus this simulator:

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out

For less than 6 months
And for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent.

But the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the reference rent plus this simulator:

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

It is possible to estimate the undervaluation of a rent from rents usually recorded for comparable dwellings located in the same geographical area. These rental references are available on the website of the rent observatory in the greater paris area.

How do I fix the new rent?

The following 2 rules must be respected:

1^re ruler, the increase in rent shall not exceed 50% the difference between the following amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if not done in the last 12 months

2^of ruler, the new rent may not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rent plus the simulator :

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement),
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

It is possible to know the reference rent increased by means of this simulator :

Paris: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2019)

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

In the territory of the built-up area Basque Country, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since november 25, 2024 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents.

These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the dwelling:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

FYI

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Basic rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement),
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Warning

A mobility lease cannot be renewed.

In the lead-up to the lease renewal:

When the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is inferior to reduced reference rent, the owner may hire a rent revaluation share
When the base rent is superior to reference rent plus, the tenant may hire a rent-reduction action.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant. ?

The landlord must inform the tenant of the new rent, at least 6 months before the end of the lease.

The landlord must send a notification :

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice (formerly act of bailiff)
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
The new proposed rent amount and the reduced base rent that was used to determine it.

FYI

When the owner commits a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
In any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area

These rental references are available on the website of rent observatory.

In the event of disagreement or in the absence of a response from the tenant or landlord to the request for rent reassessment, either must seize, 4 months before the end of the lease, the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC).

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

If the judge is not seized of the matter before the end of the lease, the lease is renewed under the previous terms of the rent. However, if the previous rent has not been revised in the previous 12 months, the landlord can revise to set the new rent.

How do I apply the new rent?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application.

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
The new amount of the proposed rent and the increased base rent in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal.

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling returned to the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in certain cases only:

He wasn't revised in the previous 12 months
Work improvement or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant
He's undervalued.

But the new base rent must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

Unrevised rent

The amount of the new rent must not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

The amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be entered in the lease.

Works

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

What are the conditions?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant, if the landlord has financed work.

This work may be:

Of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
Or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must:

Have been realized (in the common or private areas) since the departure of the last tenant
And be at least equal to 50% the last year of rent (excluding charges).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased:

Of an amount equal to 15% of the amount of the work TTC
Within reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out:

For less than 6 months
And for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent.

But the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Undervalued rent

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

How do I fix the new rent?

The following 2 rules must be respected:

1^re ruler, the increase in rent shall not exceed 50% the difference between the following amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if it has not been done in the last 12 months.

2^e ruler, the new rent may not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Basic rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement)
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Basque Country: Estimate reference rents for a lease signed since November 25, 2024

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

In Bordeaux, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since july 15, 2022 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents.

These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the dwelling:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

FYI

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Basic rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement),
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Warning

A mobility lease cannot be renewed.

In the lead-up to the lease renewal:

When the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is less than reduced reference rent, the owner may hire a rent revaluation share,
When the base rent is higher than reference rent plus, the tenant may hire a rent-reduction action.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant. ?

The landlord must inform the tenant of the new rent, at least 6 months before the end of the lease.

The landlord must send a notification :

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice (formerly act of bailiff)
Either by hand delivery against receipt or signature

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rent amount proposed and reference rent reduced used to determine it

FYI

When the owner commits a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
In any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area

These rental references are available on the website of rent observatory.

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

How do I apply the new rent?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rental amount proposed and rent reference plus increase in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling returned to the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in certain cases only:

He wasn't revised in the previous 12 months
Work improvement or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant
He's undervalued

But the new base rent must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

Unrevised rent

The amount of the new rent must not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

The amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be entered in the lease.

Works

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

Conditions

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant, if the landlord has financed work.

This work may be:

of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must:

have been built (in the common or private areas) since the departure of the last tenant
and be at least equal to 50% the last year of rent (excluding charges).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased:

of an amount equal to 15% of the amount of the work TTC
within the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out:

less than 6 months
and for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent

But the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Undervalued rent

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

How do I fix the new rent?

The following 2 rules must be respected:

1^re ruler, the increase in rent shall not exceed 50% the difference between the following amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if not done in the last 12 months

2^e ruler, the new rent may not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Basic rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement),
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Bordeaux: estimate the rent reference reduced and increased

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

In the territory d'Est Ensemble, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since 1^er december 2021 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents.

These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the housing. You can see these amounts using a simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

FYI

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Base rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement)
Reference rent and the reference rent plus in force when the lease was signed and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding charges and rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force at the signing of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) within 3 years of signing the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Warning

a mobility lease cannot be renewed.

In the lead-up to the lease renewal:

The owner can hire a rent revaluation share when the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is less than reduced reference rent
The tenant may hire a rent-reduction action where the base rent is more than reference rent plus

You can see the benchmark rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

Rent revaluation action

On what terms?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant?

The landlord must inform the tenant of the new rent, at least 6 months before the end of the lease.

The landlord must send a notification :

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice (formerly act of bailiff)
Either by handing it in hand against receipt or receipt

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rent amount proposed and reference rent reduced used to determine it

FYI

When the owner commits a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
In any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area

These rental references are available on the website of the rent observatory in the greater paris area.

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

If the judge is not seized before the end of the lease, the lease is renewed at the previous terms of the rent (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months).

How do I apply the new rent?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rental amount proposed and rent reference plus increase in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling returned to the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in certain cases only:

He wasn't revised in the previous 12 months
Of improvement work or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant
He's undervalued

But the new base rent must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

The amount of the new rent must not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

the amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be indicated in the lease.

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

Conditions

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant, if the landlord has financed work.

This work may be:

of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must:

have been built (in the common or private areas) since the departure of the last tenant
and be at least equal to 50% the last year of rent (excluding charges).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent applied to the previous tenant may be increased:

of an amount equal to 15% of the amount of the work TTC,
within the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out:

less than 6 months
and for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent.

But the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

You can estimate the undervaluation of a rent based on rents usually recorded for comparable dwellings in the same geographic area. These rental references are available on the website of the rent observatory in the greater paris area.

How do I fix the new rent?

The following 2 rules must be respected:

1^re ruler, the increase in rent shall not exceed 50% the difference between the following amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if not done in the last 12 months

2^e ruler, the new rent may not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Base rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement),
Reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and corresponding to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding charges and rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Eastern Territory Together: Estimating Reference Rents

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) within 3 years of signing the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

In Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since march 2020 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents. These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the housing.

FYI

You can find out the amount of rent benchmarks in effect by using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

Warning

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Basic rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement)
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...)

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Warning

A mobility lease cannot be renewed.

In the lead-up to the lease renewal:

When the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is less than reduced reference rent, the owner may hire a rent revaluation share,
When the base rent is higher than reference rent plus, the tenant may hire a rent-reduction action.

You can find out the amount of benchmark rents in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant?

The landlord must inform the tenant of the new rent, at least 6 months before the end of the lease.

The landlord must send a notification :

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of Commissioner of Justice (formerly act of judicial officer)
Either by hand delivery against receipt or signature

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rent amount proposed and reference rent reduced used to determine it

FYI

When the owner commits a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
In any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area

These rental references are available on the website of rent observatory.

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

If the judge is not seized of the matter before the end of the lease, the lease is renewed under the previous terms of the rent. But if the old rent has not been revised in the previous 12 months, the landlord can revise to set the new rent.

How do I apply the new rent?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rental amount proposed and rent reference plus increase in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling returned to the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in certain cases only:

He wasn't revised in the previous 12 months
Work improvement or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant
He's undervalued

But the new base rent must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the amount of benchmark rents in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

The rent has not been revised in the previous 12 months

The amount of the new rent must not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the amount of the increased reference rent in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

The amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be entered in the lease.

Improvements or upgrades to decent standards have been made since the former tenant left

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

Conditions

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant, if the landlord has financed work.

This work may be:

Of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
Or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must:

Have been realized (in the common or private areas) since the departure of the last tenant
And be at least equal to 50% the last year of rent (excluding charges).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased by an amount equal to 15% of the amount of the work TTC, within the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the amount of the increased reference rent in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out

For less than 6 months
And for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent.

But the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the amount of the increased reference rent in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

The rent is undervalued

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

How do I fix the new rent?

You must follow the following 2 rules:

1^re ruler, the increase in rent shall not exceed 50% the difference between the following amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if not done in the last 12 months

2^e ruler, the new rent may not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find out the amount of the increased reference rent in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Basic rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement)
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...)

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

You can find out the amount of the increased reference rent in effect using this simulator :

Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: to know the reference rents in force from April 1, 2025 to March 31, 2026

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

In Lyon and Villeurbanne, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since 1^er november 2021 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents.

These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the housing. You can find out the amounts in effect by consulting the Prefectural Decree in force.

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

FYI

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

the base rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding rent supplement),
the reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...)?

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Reference rents can be found:

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Warning

A mobility lease cannot be renewed.

In the lead-up to the lease renewal:

When the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is inferior to reduced reference rent, on proprietor may engage a rent revaluation share,
When the base rent is superior to reference rent plus, on tenant may engage a rent-reduction action.

You can know the reduced and increased reference rents :

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant?

The landlord must inform the tenant of the new rent, at least 6 months before the end of the lease.

The landlord must send a notification :

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of Commissioner of Justice (formerly act of judicial officer)
Either by hand delivery against receipt or signature

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rent amount proposed and reference rent reduced used to determine it

FYI

When the owner commits a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
In any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area

Please note

These rental references are available on the website of rent observatory.

In the event of disagreement or in the absence of a response from the tenant or landlord to the request for rent reassessment, either must seize, 4 months before end of lease, the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC).

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

How do I apply the new rent?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application

You can test your rentusing this simulator :

Lyon and Villeurbanne: test my rent (lease signed since November 2021)

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rental amount proposed and rent reference plus increase in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling returned to the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in certain cases only:

He wasn't revised in the previous 12 months
Work improvement or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant
He's undervalued

But the new base rent must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

It is possible to know the reference rent plus:

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

The amount of the new rent must not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Reference rents can be found:

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

the amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be entered in the lease.

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

Conditions

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant, if the landlord has financed work.

This work may be:

of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must:

have been built (in the common or private areas) since the departure of the last tenant
and be at least 50% of the last year of rent (excluding expenses).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased:

by an amount equal to 15 % of the amount of the work, including VAT,
within the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Reference rents can be found:

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out:

less than 6 months
and for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent.

But the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Reference rents can be found:

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

How do I challenge?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

It is possible to estimate the undervaluation of a rent from rents usually recorded for comparable dwellings located in the same geographical area.

Please note

these rental references are available on the website of rent observatory.

How do I fix the new rent?

The following 2 rules must be respected:

1^re ruler, the rent increase shall not exceed 50 % of the difference between:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if not done in the last 12 months

2^e ruler, the new rent may not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Reference rents can be found:

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

the base rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding rent supplement)
the reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...)

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

It is possible to know the reference rent plus:

Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025

Metropolis of Lyon

Pour en savoir plus

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

In Montpellier, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since 1^er july 2022 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents.

These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the housing. You can see these amounts using a simulator:

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

FYI

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement),
the reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can know the increased reference rents using this simulator :

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Warning

One mobility lease cannot be renewed.

In the lead-up to the lease renewal:

When the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is inferior to reduced reference rent, the owner may engage a rent revaluation share,
When the base rent is superior to reference rent plus, the tenant may engage a rent-reduction action.

You can know the increased reference rents using this simulator :

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant?

The landlord must inform the tenant of the new rent, at least 6 months before the end of the lease.

The landlord must send a notification :

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice (formerly act of bailiff)
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
The new proposed rent amount and the reduced base rent that was used to determine it.

FYI

When the owner commits a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
Or in any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area.

These rental references are available on the website of rent observatory.

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

How do I apply the new rent?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rental amount proposed and rent reference plus increase in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling placed on the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in some cases only:

The rent wasn't revised in the previous 12 months
Work improvement or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant
The rent is undervalued.

But the new base rent shall not exceed the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can know the increased reference rents using this simulator :

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

The amount of the new rent shall not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can know the increased reference rents using this simulator :

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

The amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be entered in the lease.

Rules depend on the amount of work:

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

What are the conditions?

The new rent may be greater the last rent applied to the previous tenant, whether the owner has financed work.

This work may be:

Of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
Or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must:

Have been made (in the common or private areas) since the last tenant left
And be at least equal to 50% the last year of rent (excluding charges).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased:

Of an amount equal to 15% of the amount of the work TTC
Within reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can know the increased reference rents using this simulator :

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What are the conditions?

The new rent can be higher than last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out:

For less than 6 months
And for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent.

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased, but the new rent may not exceed the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

How do I fix the new rent?

The following 2 rules must be respected:

1^re ruler, the increase in rent shall not exceed 50% the difference between the following amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if it has not been done in the last 12 months.

2^of ruler, the new rent may not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can see the increased reference rents using this simulator:

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement)
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

Warning

When the lease has been signed since August 24, 2022 and relates to a Class F or G dwelling (class indicated on the DPE), on base rent shall not exceed the rent charged to the previous tenant.

You can know the increased reference rents using this simulator :

Montpellier: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since July 2022)

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

In the cities of Common Plain, the rent of a dwelling whose lease is signed or renewed since 1^er june 2021 is framed by reduced and increased reference rents.

These amounts vary according to the type of rental (empty or furnished), the number of rooms and the time of construction of the housing. You can see these amounts using a simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

In some cases, a rent supplement may be provided for in the lease. It has the effect of increasing the rent of the dwelling beyond the reference rent plus.

FYI

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Base rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement)
Reference rent and the reference rent plus in force at the signing of the lease and according to the category of housing (location, number of rooms...)

The base rent (rent amount excluding charges and rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force at the signing of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) within 3 years of signing the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Warning

A mobility lease cannot be renewed.

As the lease renewal approaches:

The owner can hire a rent revaluation share when the base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) is less than reduced reference rent
The tenant may hire a rent-reduction action, where the base rent is higher than reference rent plus

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

Rent revaluation action

On what terms?

Three conditions must be met:

1. The new rent (excluding expenses and excluding rent supplement) must be less than or equal to reduced reference rent in effect at the time the landlord informs the tenant.

2. The proposed rent increase must be less than or equal to the highest of the following 2 limits:

50% the difference between the rent which corresponds to the rents charged in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings and the last rent applied to the tenant before the renewal of the lease (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months)
An increase in the annual rent equal to 15% the actual cost of the work done since the last renewal of the lease (improvement work or retrofitting work), where the amount of such work is at least equal to the amount of the last year's rent.

3. Since 22 August 2024, the forbidden to increase the rent of a dwelling classified F or G (classification indicated on the DPE) when renewing the lease.

How to inform the tenant?

Owner must send a notification to the tenant:

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice (formerly act of bailiff)
Either by hand delivery against receipt or signature

The notification shall contain the following:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rent amount proposed and reference rent reduced used to determine it

FYI

When the owner commits a rent revaluation share, he cannot give his notice (leave) to the tenant for the term of the lease.

How do I challenge the new rent?

The tenant can challenge the rent revaluation share.

To do this, it must provide the owner with 6 references of rent of comparable dwellings, located:

Either in the same group of buildings
In any other group of buildings with similar characteristics and situated in the same geographical area

These rental references are available on the website of the rent observatory in the greater paris area.

If the disagreement persists despite the CDC's action, the protection litigation judge may be entered before the end of the lease.

Warning

If the judge is not seized before the end of the lease, the lease is renewed at the previous terms of the rent (possibly revised if not done within the last 12 months).

How does the new rent apply?

It is important to distinguish whether the accommodation is rented empty or furnished:

For an empty housing, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies only progressively from the renewal of the lease. If the increase is at most 10%, it is spread out by 1/3 or 1/6 per year, depending on the duration of the new lease. But if the increase is more than 10%, and the new lease is less than 3 years, it shall apply by 1/6 annually during that new lease, and by 1/6 annually on subsequent renewal.

Example :

For a lease is 3 years, the last monthly rent applied is €600 (excluding charges and rent supplement) and the increase to be applied is €50 monthly:

This increase is less than 10% rent, because 600 x 10% = €60, then its application will be 1/3 per year
The monthly rent will be increased on 1^re year of €16.67 per month (because €50 x 1/3 = €16.67), then 2^e year of €33.33 per month (because €50 x 2/3 = €33.33), and 3^e year of €50 per month.

For a furnished apartment, where a new rent is decided by the tenant and the landlord (or the real estate agency), or by the judge, this new rent applies to the renewed contract. But if the increase is more than 10%, it shall apply 1/3 annually to the renewed contract and to subsequent renewals.

Rent reduction action

The following 2 conditions must be met:

The tenant makes his request at least 5 months front the term of the lease
The reference rent plus the rent taken into consideration is that in force on the date of the tenant's application

You can see the reference rent plus using this simulator :

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

The tenant must send his written request to the owner (or real estate agency):

Either by registered letter with acknowledgement of receipt
Either by act of commissioner of justice
Or by hand delivery against receipt or signature.

The application shall contain the following elements:

Entire Article 140 VI of the Law of 23 November 2018
New rental amount proposed and rent reference plus increase in effect on the date of the tenant's proposal

If no agreement is reached despite the CDC's intervention, the tenant can seize the protection litigation judge before the lease expires.

Warning

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The base rent (excluding charges and excluding rent supplement) of a dwelling placed on the market after less than 18 months of vacancy may be increased in the following cases:

When it has not been revised in the previous 12 months
When it is undervalued
When work improvement or setting standards of decency have been made since the departure of the former tenant

But the new base rent must not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

Unrevised rent

The amount of the new rent must not exceed the amount of the last rent applied to the previous tenant.

However, it may be increased by the annual variation of the IRL published on the date of signature of the new lease, if none revision has not intervened in the last 12 months.

In any case, the new rent shall not exceed reference rent plus in force on the date of signature of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Warning

The amount of rent applied to the last tenant must be indicated in the lease.

Undervalued rent

If the rent with the previous tenant was undervalued, the new rent can be increased.

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

You can estimate the undervaluation of a rent based on the rents usually recorded for comparable dwellings, located in the same geographical area. These rental references are available on the website of the rent observatory in the greater paris area.

How do I fix the new rent?

The following 2 rules must be respected:

1^re as a rule, the rent increase must not exceed 50% the difference between the following amounts:

Amount of rent determined by reference to rents in the neighborhood for comparable dwellings
Last rent applied to previous tenant, if applicable revised on IRL if not done in the last 12 months

2^e rule, the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force at the signing of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

After work

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

Conditions

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant, if the landlord has financed work.

This work may be:

of improvement work (excl. energy-saving works which resulted in an increase in rent for reduction of charges)
or of the setting-up work standards of decency.

This work must:

Have been realized (in the common or private areas) since the departure of the last tenant
And be at least 50% of the last year of rent (excluding expenses).

What new rent should be set?

If these conditions are met, the annual rent charged to the previous tenant may be increased:

of an amount equal to 15% of the amount of the work TTC,
within the reference rent plus in force at the signing of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

How can the increase be challenged?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

The new rent may be higher than the last rent applied to the previous tenant if improvement work have been carried out:

For less than 6 months
And for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent.

But the new rent cannot exceed reference rent plus in force at the signing of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

How do I challenge the new rent?

If it fails, it can enter:

The Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC) on which housing depends (free)
Or directly on protection litigation judge the court on which the dwelling depends.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

The rent (excluding expenses) can consist of 2 elements: the base rent and one rent supplement.

Base rent

The lease must indicate the following amounts:

Basic rent (rent amount excluding charges and excluding charges) rent supplement)
The reference rent and the reference rent plus in force when the lease was signed and which correspond to the category of the dwelling (location, number of rooms...).

The base rent (rent amount excluding charges and rent supplement) must not exceed reference rent plus in force at the signing of the lease.

You can find the reference rents using this simulator:

Common Plain Territory: Estimate reference rents (lease signed since June 2021)

If the base rent exceeds reference rent plus, the tenant may apply for a rent reduction before the Departmental Conciliation Committee (CDC), within 3 years of the signing of the lease.

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

The landlord (or real estate/notary agency) can apply a rent supplement if the following 2 conditions are met:

The accommodation has particular characteristics (location, comfort)
The base rent (excluding expenses) is equal to reference rent plus.

If a rent supplement applies, the rent is equal to the total of the base rent and the rent supplement.

The amount of the rent supplement and the characteristics of the dwelling that justify it must be indicated in the lease.

Warning

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

If the CDC reaches an agreement, the amount of rent shall be that fixed by the conciliation document issued by the CDC. This new amount applies from the effective date of the lease.

Who can help me?

Find who can answer your questions in your region

Telephone administrative information - Allo Public Service
- For more information on this topic, you can contact Allô Service Public.
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Departmental Agency for Housing Information (Adil)

Decree No. 2013-392 of 10 May 2013 on the application of the annual vacancy tax (annex)
List of municipalities subject to the rent guidelines (1st table annexed to the decree)
Decree No. 2015-650 of 10 June 2015 on the modalities of implementation of the framework for the level of certain rents
Rent control in tense areas
Decree n°2017-1198 of 27 July 2017 on the evolution of certain rents (from August 2017 to 31 July 2025)
Housing vacant for less than 18 months
Law No. 89-462 of 6 July 1989 on rental relationships: article 17-2
Undervalued rent: Revaluation at lease renewal
Law n°2018-1021 of 23 November 2018 on the evolution of housing, development and digital: article 140
Rent guidelines in the event of a prefectural order
Law No. 89-462 of 6 July 1989 on rental relationships: article 17
Zoning to be applied (I)
Paris: Prefectural order on reference rents since July 2024 (PDF - 821.5 KB)
Common ground: Prefectural order on reference rents since June 2024
Lyon and Villeurbanne: Prefectural order on reference rents since November 2023 (PDF - 241.8 KB)
East Together: Prefectural order on reference rents since June 2024
Montpellier: Prefectural order on reference rents since July 2024 (PDF - 3.1 MB)
Bordeaux: Prefectural order on reference rents since July 15, 2024 (PDF - 280.0 KB)
Basque Country: Prefectural order on increased and reduced reference rents from 25 November 2024
Decree No. 2023-981 of 23 October 2023 establishing the perimeter of the territory of the agglomeration community of the Basque Country
Decree No. 2023-1046 of 16 November 2023 establishing the perimeter of the territory of the public establishment of intercommunal cooperation Grenoble-Alpes Métropole

FAQ

Housing for rent: what should the real estate listing indicate?

Rent amount of a privately owned dwelling
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Paris: amount of rent for a house lease
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Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: amount of rent for a residential lease
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Common plain: rent amount for a residential lease
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Lyon and Villeurbanne: rent for a residential lease
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East Together: Rent amount for a residential lease
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Montpellier: amount of rent for a residential lease
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Bordeaux: rent for a residential lease
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Basque country: rent for a house since November 25, 2024
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Observatoire des rents - Agglomération parisienne
Ministry of Housing
Rent Observatories - Network of Local Observatories
Ministry of Housing
Prohibition of rental and freezing of rents for energy sieves
Ministry of the Environment
Lille, Hellemmes and Lomme: Prefectural order on reference rents from 1 April 2024 to 31 March 2025
Ecological Transition Agency (Ademe)
Lyon and Villeurbanne: reference rents from November 2024 to October 2025 (PDF - 241.8 KB)
Metropolis of Lyon

What is the rent control to respect in tense areas?

Municipality in a stretched area

1st rental of the accommodation

Renewal of the lease

New rental after less than 18 months of vacancy

Lease signed since July 1, 2024

Unrevised rent in last 12 months

Work carried out since the departure of the former tenant

Work for an amount of at least 50% of the last year of rent

Works for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent

Old undervalued rent

Lease signed between August 24, 2022 and June 30, 2024

Unrevised rent in last 12 months

Work carried out since the departure of the former tenant

Work for an amount of at least 50% of the last year of rent

Works for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent

Old undervalued rent

Lease signed before August 24, 2022

Unrevised rent in last 12 months

Work carried out since the departure of the former tenant

Work for an amount of at least 50% of the last year of rent

Works for an amount at least equal to the last year of rent

Old undervalued rent

New rental after 18 months and more vacancies

Lease signed since July 1, 2024

Lease signed between August 24, 2022 and June 30, 2024

Lease signed before August 24, 2022

Paris

1st lease

Base rent

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

Lease Renewal

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

How to inform the tenant?

How do I challenge?

How do I apply the new rent?

Rent reduction action

New rental after less than 18 months of vacancy

Base rent

Unrevised rent

Works

Amount of work at least equal to 50% of the last year of rent

Conditions

What new rent should be set?

How do I challenge?

Amount of work at least equal to the last year of rent

What new rent should be set?

How do I challenge?

Undervalued rent

How do I know if the old rent is undervalued?

How do I fix the new rent?

How do I challenge the new rent?

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

New rental after 18 months and more vacancies

Base rent

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

Basque Country

1st lease

Base rent

Rent supplement

In which cases does a rent supplement apply?

How do I challenge the rent supplement?

Lease Renewal

Rent revaluation action

What are the conditions?

How to inform the tenant. ?

How do I challenge?

How do I apply the new rent?

Rent reduction action

New rental after less than 18 months of vacancy

Base rent

Unrevised rent

Works