Long stay of a European in France

Verified 01 janvier 2025 - Directorate for Legal and Administrative Information (Prime Minister)

As a citizen of a country of the European Economic Area (EEA) or if you are Swiss, you have the possibility to settle in France beyond 3 months. The residence card giving out your rights is not mandatory, but can be useful. You can then acquire a permanent right of residence after the first 5 years of a regular and uninterrupted stay in France.

Your situation

  • You're European
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The stay of a citizen of the European Economic Area or of a Swiss beyond the period of 3 months is not completely free. A refusal of residence may be granted.

Entry to France

To enter France, you must meet the following 2 obligations:

  • Have a valid identity document or passport
  • Do not pose a threat to public order.

Conditions of residence

In order to have a right of residence as a worker, you must be able to justify the exercise of a professional activity in France.

However, even if you are no longer in business, you can retain your right to stay in certain situations, including:

  • Temporary incapacity in case of illness or accident
  • Involuntary unemployment.

FYI  

You may engage in any activity as an employed or self-employed person (except certain public posts and, subject to conditions, certain regulated professions).

Application for a residence card

You do not have to have a residence permit.

However, you have the right to request a EU/EEA/Switzerland Citizen residence card - All professional activities.

Right of permanent residence

After 5 years of legal and uninterrupted residence in France, you obtain a right to permanent residence.

You can prove your right to stay over the previous 5 years by any means (employment contract, unemployment certificate, registration in the commercial and business register, etc.).

You then no longer need to justify the conditions of your stay (worker status or not).

You can stay permanently in France, provided you do not pose a serious threat to public order.

You can ask for a residence card Citizen EU/EEA/Switzerland - Permanent residence - All professional activitiesBut it's not mandatory.

You lose your right to permanent residence if you leave France for more than 2 consecutive years.

Some absences are allowed:

  • Temporary absences not exceeding 6 months per year
  • Absence for the performance of military duties
  • Absence of a maximum of 12 consecutive months for an important reason such as serious illness, study or professional posting abroad for example.

Please note

In some situations, you can obtain a right of permanent residence before the 5-year period. This is the case, under certain conditions, if you are a frontier worker or if you stop working because of a permanent incapacity for work or to collect your pension.

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